Commonwealth v. Guy, 910 N.E.2d 358, 454 Mass. 440, 446 (2009)

Commonwealth v. Guy, 910 N.E.2d 358, 454 Mass. 440, 446 (2009)

The judge ruled that:
DNA " notebooks" provided to jurors during the testimony of a forensic DNA analyst from the Maine laboratory could be used by jurors during deliberations. A copy was marked " P" for identification. The defendant objected and moved for a mistrial. During deliberations the jury sent a note asking if they could see items marked for identification or if they would be provided a list of such items. The judge responded by writing, " No. Those items are not exhibits in evidence, but were marked only to keep track of them for the record." The defendant argues that the jury were misled to think these DNA notebooks were evidence, when in fact they were not. This was error, but not prejudicial.

The " notebooks" essentially were summaries used during the testimony of the witness that compared DNA profiles of approximately twenty individuals considered in the investigation, including the victim's husband, the man first arrested, and the defendant, with the DNA profile obtained from saliva on the victim's left breast and brassiere. The notebooks permitted the jury to follow the complex and somewhat lengthy testimony and visually comprehend its import, during which the forensic DNA analyst explained why she was able to exclude all donors except the defendant, and why the DNA evidence pointed convincingly to the defendant. The notebooks mirrored the witness's testimony, and summarized it visually as an aid to its understanding. As such, they were a useful nonprejudicial [5] aid to jurors. See Commonwealth v. Walter, 10 Mass.App.Ct. 255, 264, 406 N.E.2d 1304 (1980); Commonwealth v. Boyden, 9 Mass.App.Ct. 857, 400 N.E.2d 1312 (1980). 

There is no suggestion that the notebooks failed to reflect accurately the witness's testimony. We are satisfied that the jury's use of the notebooks did not expose them to extrinsic material outside the record so as to raise a serious question of possible prejudice. Commonwealth v. Jackson, 376 Mass. 790, 800, 383 N.E.2d 835 (1978).  The judge would have acted within her discretion had she admitted the " notebooks" in evidence. See Commonwealth v. Greenberg, 339 Mass. 557, 581-582, 160 N.E.2d 181 (1959); Welch v. Keene Corp., 31 Mass.App.Ct. 157, 165-166, 575 N.E.2d 766 (1991); Mass. G. Evid. ยง 1006 (Summaries) (2008-2009).